Agroforestry can reduce poverty and improve food security while addressing land degradation and delivering ecosystem services. Agroforestry systems, however, are highly complex rendering their long-term performance difficult to anticipate. Do et al. assessed several agroforestry options in the highlands of Northwest Vietnam, using decision analysis and probabilistic modeling. They calculated the benefits of these agroforestry systems but forecast important uncertainties in the decision-making process.
